Halo: the Characters
It's none other than Master Chief Petty Officer SPARTAN-117 (John), a super-soldier brutally trained from the age of 6, augmented by the pinacles of human science and donning Mjolnir Mark V armor, some describe him as a Greek god of war. His reflexes are five times faster, running speed significantly improved, has the ability to almost see perfectly in the dark, bones dense as rock and has strength unknown to normal humans. Master Chief also has the super-AI Cortana plugged into his neural interface during the events on Halo-04 (Alpha).
Cortana's a "smart" AI created by ONI and specializing in hacking into systems and analyzing data. She is one of few AIs that can learn and adapt beyond her normal perameters, but the sacrifice is having a "lifespan" of seven years. She has every single piece of code-breaking and translation technology ONI possesses, and is therefore invaluable. Cortana also has the ability to operate an entire battleship (targeting of point-defense and ship-to-ship weaponry, space navigation, and calculating Slipspace jumps, etc.) on her own.
Captain Jacob Keyes is the captain of the heavily-modified UNSC Halcyon-class battleship, The Pillar of Autumn. He has one of the best battle resumes in the entire UNSC and receives great respect from the higher-ups. In the battle above Halo-04 he makes the decision to crash-land on it. He himself escapes in a lifeboat but is captured by the Covenant on contact. Keyes becomes the last member of executive staff on the ship after the rest are executed. After rescue by the Chief, Keyes ventures out on a mission which turns into a disaster. The Flood are released and everybody is infected and morphed into combat forms, whereas Keyes becomes a "command" form, essentially an enormous mass of flesh and large tenticles, responsible for obtaining information for planets on which the Flood could spread.
Sargent A.J. Johnson is known for his tough-guy personality and atpitude in combat. He is seen often in the game, but disappears after the raid on the Covenant ammo cache. Not known to many he wasn't actually infected.
Other Characters
Major Silva is a character who appears in the official novel, "Halo: The Flood," and commands all the marines and ODST while Keyes is away. He is killed aboard the captured Covenant ship, Truth and Reconciliation when it crashes into Halo.
Lieutenant McKay is a character who appears in the official novel, "Halo: The Flood," and is second in command to Major Silva. She is wounded on the Autumn and finally killed aboard the captured Covenant ship, Truth and Reconciliation when it crashes into Halo.
Zuka 'Zamamee, a Covenant elite, appearing in the official novel, "Halo: The Flood," tasked with eliminating the Master Chief. He is killed by the Chief in a poorly-planned ambush.
Private Wallace Jenkins, a USNC marine, appearing in the official nove, "Halo: The Flood," turned into a Flood form in the disastrous ammo cache raid. The book describes the horrors he went through during the infestation process.